Male Prevention: The Urological Exams to Undergo and Why to Do Them

Preventive care in urology is essential for early diagnosis of urinary system diseases, even in the absence of symptoms or a family history of uro-oncological conditions. Among the most common urological issues are:

• Prostatitis or chronic prostatitis,
• Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH),
• Testicular cancer,
• Prostate cancer — one of the most prevalent cancers among men, which can be treated effectively when diagnosed early, making timing crucial.

This highlights the importance of prevention and a healthy lifestyle.

Tips for a Healthy Lifestyle

Here are some simple guidelines:

• Drink plenty of water throughout the day to support kidney function: around 2 liters daily, spread out rather than only at meals.
• Stay active and engage in regular physical activity; avoid a sedentary lifestyle.
• Follow a balanced diet rich in fiber, emphasizing whole, unprocessed foods like fruits, vegetables, and legumes while limiting cured meats and red meat.
• Avoid excessive alcohol, spicy foods, and high-fat foods, as they may contribute to inflammatory conditions in the urinary system.
• Do not smoke, as it’s the primary risk factor for bladder and upper urinary tract cancers.
• Pay attention to symptoms like burning during urination or blood in the urine, which could indicate inflammation or urinary tract cancer.

It’s very important to:

• Undergo a yearly urological check-up after age 35.
• Get blood tests to check PSA levels (prostate-specific antigen).

Early detection of prostate issues can make a significant difference in diagnosis and treatment. For example, elevated PSA levels are an initial indicator that warrants further investigation to rule out potential cancers.

Testicular self-examination is also crucial for early detection of testicular cancer.

Starting from a young age, men should learn to perform self-exams at least once a month to check for any irregularities in texture or consistency. Unlike other conditions, testicular cancer typically appears in younger men, starting from ages 15-20.

The procedure is simple and should be done regularly by gently holding the testicle with the fingers to assess its density and consistency through slight movements.

Warning signs not to ignore include:

• Testicular swelling,
• Appearance of a lump,
• Pain or discomfort.

While acute testicular pain may be due to trauma or inflammation, changes in consistency — even without pain — should prompt a urological evaluation to rule out cancer. Prevention can make all the difference: don’t wait; consult a specialist.