Vestibular neuritis
What is it?
Vestibular neuritis is an acute disorder of the peripheral vestibular system caused by a sudden loss of vestibular function. To date, the main etiology seems to be related to the reactivation of herpes viruses, although vascular causes are also possible in other cases. Clinically, it is characterized by an acute onset of prolonged rotational vertigo (several days) accompanied by neurovegetative symptoms (nausea, vomiting), in the absence of auditory symptoms.
Which are the symptoms?
The main symptom is the onset of significant rotational vertigo associated with nausea and/or vomiting, lasting about 2-3 days. The vertigo crisis is not accompanied by changes in hearing. At the end of the acute phase, which usually lasts a few days, a temporary feeling of unsteadiness may persist for a variable period of several weeks, the time needed for compensation for insufficient vestibular function.
- Prolonged rotational vertigo (several days)
- Nausea and/or vomiting
- Unsteadiness
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis is based on a correct anamnestic history and a complete clinical otvestibular instrumental examination, which today includes the Video-Head pulse test in level II-III outpatient clinics and observation of spontaneous positional nystagmus with Video-Frenzel. In addition, imaging of the central nervous system is indicated for the differential diagnosis of problems of vascular origin.
How is it treated?
Treatment includes symptomatic drugs for nausea and/or vomiting, steroids to reduce nerve inflammation and restore vestibular function, and vestibulodepressants (only for a short time). After the acute phase has passed, vestibular rehabilitation is indicated for those who have not been able to achieve a good balance recovery with medical therapy alone.
Where do we treat it?
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